介绍
Homebrew
是Mac上的软件包管理工具,能在Mac中方便的安装软件或者卸载软件。其类似于centos的yum
,ubuntu的apt-get
。
安装
官网:https://brew.sh/index_zh-cn.html
终端中执行下边命令。
ruby -e "$(curl -fsSL https://raw.githubusercontent.com/Homebrew/install/master/install)"
然后会提示安装以及要创建等目录。回车,输入密码,将进行下载安装。
到最后,会提示安装完成。
HEAD is now at fb33acb Merge pull request #2624 from mistydemeo/use_python_flock
==> Tapping homebrew/core
Cloning into '/usr/local/Homebrew/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core'...
remote: Counting objects: 4423, done.
remote: Compressing objects: 100% (4228/4228), done.
remote: Total 4423 (delta 37), reused 472 (delta 14), pack-reused 0
Receiving objects: 100% (4423/4423), 3.52 MiB | 53.00 KiB/s, done.
Resolving deltas: 100% (37/37), done.
Tapped 4227 formulae (4,466 files, 11.0MB)
==> Cleaning up /Library/Caches/Homebrew...
==> Migrating /Library/Caches/Homebrew to /Users/zhoulin/Library/Caches/Homebrew...
==> Deleting /Library/Caches/Homebrew...
Already up-to-date.
==> Installation successful!
==> Homebrew has enabled anonymous aggregate user behaviour analytics.
Read the analytics documentation (and how to opt-out) here:
http://docs.brew.sh/Analytics.html
==> Next steps:
- Run `brew help` to get started
- Further documentation:
http://docs.brew.sh
用Homebrew
安装软件,你没法自定义安装位置。
命令
- 检查是否有冲突:
brew doctor
- 查看版本:
brew -v
- 查看目录:
which brew
- 搜索:
brew search xxx
- 查询:
brew info xxx
(主要看具体的信息,比如目前的版本,依赖,安装后注意事项等) - 安装:
brew install xxx
- 更新:
brew update
(更新Homebrew自己,并且使得接下来的两个操作有意义) - 检查过时(是否有新版本):
brew outdated
列出所有安装的软件里可以升级的那些 - 升级:
brew upgrade
升级所有可以升级的软件 - 清理:
brew cleanup
清理不需要的版本及其安装包缓存 - 查看包安装目录:
brew config |grep HOMEBREW
- 卸载:
brew uninstall xxx
- 列出所有的安装包:
brew list -version
- 清理无效项:
brew prune
cd $(brew --repo)
cd $(brew --prefix)
cd $(brew --prefix php71)
镜像
在国内,用Homebrew
下载安装软件,往往速度比较慢或无法下载安装。这时,需要使用Homebrew
镜像源。它主要分两部分:gir repo
(位于Github)和二进制bottles
(位于bintray)。国内公认做的比较好的镜像有中科大镜像,清华镜像。设置步骤如下。
#替换brew.git
cd "$(brew --repo)"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/brew.git
#替换homebrew-core.git
cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-core.git
#设置bintray镜像
echo 'export HOMEBREW_BOTTLE_DOMAIN=https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/homebrew-bottles' >> ~/.bash_profile
source ~/.bash_profile
#更新
brew update
如果想切换到官方源:
cd "$(brew --repo)"
git remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/brew.git
cd "$(brew --repo)/Library/Taps/homebrew/homebrew-core"
git remote set-url origin https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-core.git
中科大Homebrew镜像官网设置:
https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/brew.git
https://lug.ustc.edu.cn/wiki/mirrors/help/homebrew-bottles
清华Homebrew镜像官网设置:
https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/help/homebrew/